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Hydroelectric Power Plants

Description

"Operation/ownership of power plants using the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. The plants are divided in two categories, free-flow and storage.Free-flow plants use free-flowing water currents to drive turbines. They are usually smaller in size (ie impact) and output. Examples are small hydro power mills and tidal power plants.Hydro storage plants use artificial or natural water reservoirs with a restricted water outflow. Most common are dams and storage lakes for pumped hydro plants. Pumped hydro (storage) plants use abundant electricity (from the grid) to pump water on a higher level (ie potential) for example into a storage lake on a hill. When electricity demand is high the water flows back down and drives turbines that generate electricity. It thus serves as a large (grid) scale energy storage plant but does not generate additional electricity.Hydro power plants are the most common and oldest from of renewable energy. The impact of dams and pumped hydro on the ecosystem is significant. There are also concerns about the release of methane through anaerobic decay of plants that are drowned due to the initial flooding and constant high water level fluctuation."

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